Friday, 23 January 2015

Week 13: Think Before, Speak After



Think Before, Speak After

I imagine there are many methods and forms on how to learn to think before saying something. Do you know any? Personally I don’t. However for some time I have been focussing my attention on what I say. 
Before I speak I think about whether it makes sense or not and if I agree with it. Just when I'm sure, I say.


I think one of the most interesting and beautiful human qualities is the ability to communicate through speech. Incredible is that we can talk and communicate our feelings in real time. However, this feature of the majority of the world is captured in a very basic way. There are very few people who are wondering about what should change in this as they say.

Thinking before speaking sometimes is a challenge, especially if you are trying to prove to the world how smart you are… First you should ask yourself before open your mouth „if I’m going to say anything interesting ?” Trying to prove something is  just one of the bad habits that always gets us to speak without thinking. 


Words are important and used in a correct, nonviolent way can help immensely.
In our world information is given to us very quickly. All messages and e-mail are sent with a click of a button. Many of things are shared instantaneously to millions of people around the world. Remember, just because we can say something doesn’t mean we should.

Sometimes people really don’t realize the influence of their words on another person. Of course we’re all only human and we can make mistakes, but we have to remember that sometimes words hurt.

1.    What do you think about human communication?
2.    Do you know any methods how to learn to think before saying something?
3. Do you think before about how important is communication?

Monday, 19 January 2015

Week 13 [ 19-25 January] Death penalty

Death penalty or in other words capital punishment used to be a subject of discussion or even a bone of contention in Poland and many other European countries. In that article I would like to shortly describe the current state of death penalty in the world and also show you advantages and disadvantages of that way of punishment for serious crimes.

Firstly let's see in which countries capital punishment is in use. If we focus on democratic countries, we will see that there are only a few countries, which use that penalty. It's for example Japan, South Korea, India and the most states of US. The greatest part of capital punishment's users are undemocratic countries - almost the whole Middle East, the most of Asian countries with China at the front and the only one European country - Belarus.


Secondly, let's see what  it looks like in reality. According to Amnesty International, only 21 countries were known to have had executions carried out in 2012.  Almost 90% from ~5000 executions in the world took part in the People's Republic of China. I have to admit that this number isn't completed for sure, because many countries are trying to keep real numbers in secret. Another important thing is that in US, or Japan people who had been executed were convicted of  serious crimes like mass murders. The situation is much different in China, Iran or Saudi Arabia.

Now I would like to focus on advantages of using capital punishment for its users. Death penalty is believed to be the best way to deter people from  committing serious crimes. We have to notice in Poland every prisoner costs the society more than 2000zł every month. If a prisoner stays in prison for example for 40years, the amount of money spent on him is enormous. The other reason why many people want to put the capital punishment to the law is the fact that due to CBOS’s surveys - 2/3 of the responders are followers of that.

On the other hand, at the moment it's impossible for Poland to put death penalty back to the law, because after such a move the country would be excluded from the Council of Europe and probably also from the European Union. The most common argument for people who are against capital punishment is the possibility of mistake during the investigation and as a result - execution of innocent person.

I don't want to convince any of you to death penalty. I know that I didn't mention many aspects of that problem - like religion,  historical background and many others, but I hope, I described shortly the general purpose and current situation of the capital punishment. I would be glad to answer all your question and I'm also waiting for your opinions about that problem.

Questions:
What is your opinion about the death penalty?
Do you know any other for and against the death penalty?

Sources:
http://listverse.com/2013/06/01/5-arguments-for-and-against-the-death-penalty/
http://swiat.newsweek.pl/kto-jeszcze-karze-smiercia--w-jaki-sposob-i-za-co,103335,1,1.html

Week 13 [ 19-25 January] Deflation

Almost every person heard about "inflation” it's a negative situation for the economy of the country, because for the same amount of money - they could buy less. In Poland last year we were facing the opposite of that - deflation. In theory our wages are worth more, so we should be happy because of that, but is it a good situation for our country ?


We have to begin with the reasons of the deflation. Economical crisis could be one of them. During economical growths - inflation is rising, because people are not afraid to spend money - they know that if they lost their  job - they would be able to find a new one. When a country is facing recession or stagnation, the  society is trying to avoid any unnecessary expense. Another reason of deflation could be also to low money issuing . Less money on the market - the higher value of it. Also a foreign debt could be a serious reason of the deflation - Japan  was facing that problem for over 20years.

Now let's focus on the effects of deflation. Starting with the positive effect(at least for the most of us - consumers) - our wages are worth more, so we can buy more commodities for the same amount of money. It seems nice, but on the other hand - producers pay the same money for their employees, but get less money for their products, because the society is waiting for bigger drops of prices. That process is leading to the recession and impoverishment of the whole country.

As we could see in the past deflation could be the reason of the serious economical crisis for whole countries. Japan has been is facing stagnation since the beginning of 90s, because of that process. We can also add the Major Deflation in U.S. in years 1818-21, or the situation after the Great Depression in the 30s. United Kingdom, Ireland and Hong Kong were also facing huge economical problems because of deflation.


Economical experts agree that the best situation for the national economy is low inflation(about 1%), because it's great convenience for further economical growth. Our government will have to stimulate consumption and convince people to spend their money. What's your opinion about deflation ? Is it dangerous process for our economy ? I'm waiting for your questions and opinions.

Sources:

Week 13 [ 19-25 January] Best Presentation

Dear Students
As the course is about to finish, please vote for the best presentation made this term.
Justify your choice.

Tuesday, 13 January 2015

Week 12 [12.01 – 18.01] How to prepare good presentations (…not)

How to prepare  good presentations (…not)
Did you know that there are over 300million* users of PowerPoint? I didn’t know either. *estimate
Did you know that they do 30million* presentations each day? I didn’t know either. *estimation
Did you know 50%* of them are unbearable? I knew that. *estimation
Probably some of you have already seen the worst of the worst when it comes to PowerPoint presentations. Some of us have given their lives during some of the presentations in PJATK. I knew a guy once…. Yeah, a guy….
So what can you do to make it better?

      1)      Animate. Every slide should have some sort of animation. It has been added to PowerPoint for all of us to use. You can add animations to slides, titles, words, bullet points. Sometimes adding more than one can go a long way. But if this is not exactly what you want, you can make a custom path for your animations.

      2)      Make a timeline for your presentation. They should be short so you don’t linger over each slide. It helps to keep you in check and the urgency of the slideshow will help you in your body language. Add a little cherry on top, crunch a little more data in your presentation. In business meetings the more the better.

      3)      Try not to fluctuate you voice too much. It will help you conserve energy and the audience will not feel like they are being pushed into your subject. Monotone if necessary.
      
      4)      Text is your friend. Try to keep a maximum of 7 to 10 major and important bullet point per slide. Having too much (i.e. pictures) can feel like overcrowding listeners.

      5)      Don’t stick with boring presentation layouts. Have you seen the new beautiful layouts and fonts in new PowerPoint? Business is moving towards 21st  century so you don’t have to use those boring fonts. There are many to choose from. Remember about colors. They have to be clearly visible and very exciting. Remember that colors are the only way to bring attention of your listeners (you can download new extra fonts from the Internet as well).
      6)      For maximum emphasis, assign bullet point to every important word or sentence. It makes the whole presentation feel more powerful. You can even increase the font size for these bullet points so that the most important knowledge is available.

      7)      Don’t be afraid to repeat yourself.  If audience needs it, do it. Sometimes it is even better to repeat every important information for maximum emphasis so that the audience understands everything.

      8)      Reading from screen is a big no no, but if you use a laser pointer to show a specific bullet point, you can read it from the slide to make it even more important.

      9)      Structure of the presentation  is somewhat important. It is a business presentation not a fairy tale so please don’t try to make it as one.

      10)   Rule of 7:
a.       7 lines per slide
b.      7 words per line
c.       6 seconds to understand the slide

      11)   Make sure the audience will remember after you finish. Give them something they will never forget or something to read. Everyone is an individual so why not printing a copy of you presentation for every member? That way they can return to your presentation if needed.

      12)   There are times when the laser pointer just doesn't work and you need to show something on the slide. Don’t worry about moving around and physically showing what you are talking about. Try not to cover the parts explained, rest doesn’t matter at this particular moment.

      13)   3 rules for giving the best presentations:
a.       Show how smart and educated you are about this topic
b.      Say everything you know – there is nothing worse than not very educational presentation
c.       Don’t be afraid to give technical details of your work. Audience is there to listen to what you have to say

      14)   Answer the question as soon as it pops out from the audience. Better  now than to have to remember about it later on (or even worse, forgetting about this question)

      15)   Contrasting colors, use them, don’t use them. Remember about them.

      16)   Don’t be a hypocrite
       17)   Fancy backgrounds can go a long way. They are added to the PowerPoint for a reason.

       18)   Images=Emotions. As for business presentations stick to text and pure facts rather than art.

       19)   Ask rhetorical questions a lot, it can stop the presentation from being boring

       20)   Assumptions:
a.       Audience is here for a reason, they know their fields, business audience is prepared for a presentation beforehand
b.      Business audience is skilled in business
c.       Everyone is eager to learn about the latest developments
d.      Everyone is fresh and alert

      21)   A good presentation should be like a mini skirt – short enough to cover vital points and long enough to remain interesting 

Source:

Now you know most of the rules, go and make the world a better place.

Questions:
      1)      Do you suffer from bad PowerPoint presentations?
      2)      Have someone ever fallen asleep during a presentation? Why? I know I did…..
      3)      What would be your best tip for someone giving a presentation?

Sources:
1) http://thevarguy.com/site-files/thevarguy.com/files/imagecache/medium_img/uploads/2013/12/deathbypowerpoint.jpg
2) http://blog.iharder.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/timeline-3d-logo.png